Wildfires across the WHO European Region have increased sharply in recent years, with the total area burned rising by 57% since 2022, the World Health Organization (WHO) says.
In a statement, WHO Regional Director for Europe Hans Henri P. Kluge said wildfires burned 2.2 million hectares across the region in 2025, compared with 1.4 million hectares in 2022.
New data also show a significant increase in wildfires between January and July this year. Portugal and Spain recorded more than twice as many wildfires as during the same period in 2025.
Kluge warned that the impact of wildfires extends far beyond the destruction of homes and livelihoods.
“Wildfires destroy homes and livelihoods, force evacuations, and place enormous pressure on emergency services and health systems. Tragically, they also claim lives,” he said.
The WHO also warned that wildfire smoke can travel long distances, increasing the risk of heart and respiratory diseases and affecting mental health, particularly among older people, children, pregnant women and those with chronic illnesses.
The organization urged people living in or traveling through affected areas to follow official guidance, avoid unnecessary travel near active fires, and wear a well-fitting protective mask if they are exposed to wildfire smoke. Anyone experiencing breathing difficulties or chest pain should seek medical attention.
Kluge said governments should strengthen wildfire preparedness by issuing timely weather, wildfire and air-quality alerts, ensuring access to health care, and providing support for vulnerable groups.
The WHO warned that climate change is expected to make wildfires more frequent and more intense, adding that it is working with countries across the region to improve emergency preparedness and strengthen health systems’ resilience.
