As Georgia approaches its parliamentary elections on October 26, the political landscape is heating up, with major parties unveiling their pre-election programs. Each party offers a unique vision for the future of the country, focusing on key areas such as economic growth, social welfare, education, infrastructure, foreign policy, and governance. This article consolidates the essential elements of the main political parties, including Georgian Dream, Strong Georgia, the Coalition for Changes, Unity – National Movement, Girchi, and For Georgia, presenting a thorough analysis of their proposed plans and strategic goals.
Georgian Dream: Economic Growth and Infrastructure Development
On October 7, the ruling party, Georgian Dream, presented an ambitious pre-election program that was both comprehensive and forward-looking. The presentation, led by Prime Minister Irakli Kobakhidze, lasted over an hour and laid out various strategic goals across multiple sectors, drawing comparisons between the current political landscape and that of 2012, when the party first came to power.
Notably absent from the event were the party’s honorary chairman, Bidzina Ivanishvili, and chairman Irakli Garibashvili, leading to speculation about their roles as the party seeks to galvanize support in light of ongoing political challenges.
Kobakhidze emphasized the projected growth of Georgia’s economy, forecasting that it would reach at least 130 billion GEL by 2028. This economic expansion is anticipated to generate a national budget exceeding 50 billion GEL.
The Prime Minister highlighted significant progress in reducing unemployment, claiming it has been halved since 2012. His ambitious goal is to further decrease the unemployment rate to 4% by 2028, which would position Georgia below the European average.
Infrastructure development is a cornerstone of the Georgian Dream’s vision. Kobakhidze outlined plans for a major upgrade of the country’s road networks, including the opening of a new four-lane highway from Tbilisi to Batumi. Additionally, the development of the Anaklia port is expected to revolutionize trade by enabling it to handle 600,000 containers annually by 2029. In a bid to enhance Georgia’s transportation capabilities, a new airport in Vaziani is set to accommodate up to 18 million passengers, further integrating the country into regional and global transportation networks.
The party also aims to invest 3 billion GEL in agriculture over the next four years, a commitment that builds on Ivanishvili’s earlier promises to revitalize rural areas. Kobakhidze emphasized that this investment will surpass previous financial commitments to the agricultural sector. In the energy domain, the Georgian Dream envisions achieving self-sufficiency by 2030. Plans include increasing power generation from the current 4,600 MW to over 10,000 MW by 2030, through the construction of 63 hydropower plants, as well as various thermal and wind power facilities.
Education and healthcare are other key areas addressed by the program. The Prime Minister promised to expand educational infrastructure, including the development of Kutaisi International University and a new campus for Tbilisi State University. In healthcare, Kobakhidze committed to constructing a new republican hospital and proposed potential increases in pensions, targeting amounts between 350 to 450 GEL. For social services, particularly for civil servants, the program includes salary increases, with special attention to staff in kindergartens and art schools.
Cultural initiatives received significant attention, with Kobakhidze announcing an allocation of 30 million GEL aimed at supporting artists and enhancing funding for sports. A new stadium capable of hosting 70,000 spectators is also planned, designed to accommodate both football and rugby events, with aspirations to host the Champions League by 2028.
On the defense and foreign policy front, Georgian Dream aims to bolster the national military industry while improving social conditions for military and police personnel. Significant investments are earmarked for housing and infrastructure development for soldiers and police officers.
Kobakhidze underscored the need to reset relations with the United States and the European Union, while advocating for a pragmatic approach toward Russia, prioritizing peaceful conflict resolution. He expressed confidence that by 2030, Georgia would be well-positioned for EU membership.
“Strong Georgia” Presents “Ilia’s Way”
“Ilia’s Way” features a 9-point strategy to rapidly implement the EU’s recommendations, aiming to expedite membership negotiations post-election.
At the core of “Ilia’s Way” is a strategy focused on implementing the European Union’s recommendations, with the goal of expediting EU membership negotiations immediately following the elections. A vital component of this vision is the “Georgia Protection Act,” which seeks to manage the influx of Russian citizens, limit their influence in Georgian society, and prevent foreign nationals from purchasing land. By reinstating visa requirements and strengthening border controls, “Strong Georgia” aims to safeguard the country’s sovereignty while moving towards a stable European future.
In addition to these protective measures, “Strong Georgia” is dedicated to enhancing the quality of life for its citizens. The coalition plans to raise pensions to 1000 GEL, ensuring that this amount is adjusted annually for inflation. This initiative is aimed at allowing elderly citizens to live with dignity and security. The funding for this increase will come from a realistic, citizen-focused budget that emphasizes economic growth, reducing corruption, and increasing taxation on the gambling industry.
Furthermore, the coalition is committed to creating 200,000 new jobs through major infrastructure projects like Anaklia port, which have faced significant delays in recent years. “Strong Georgia” aims to develop infrastructure that meets European standards, driving economic growth that benefits all Georgians. Additionally, the plan includes providing paid internships for graduates, helping them gain valuable experience and transition smoothly into the workforce.
Coalition for Changes: Commitment to Reform
In a contrasting vision, Zura Japaridze unveiled the “Coalition for Changes” on July 25, focusing on a comprehensive approach centered around four main directions: adherence to the Georgian Charter, rapid economic development, education reform, and regional empowerment. This coalition emphasizes a commitment to the Georgian Charter, which aligns with the European Commission’s nine recommendations aimed at facilitating Georgia’s negotiations for EU membership. Japaridze stressed that the coalition is dedicated to making tangible promises and fulfilling them, positioning itself as a leader in this regard.
A cornerstone of the Coalition’s program is the ambition to double the country’s economy. Japaridze stated that this growth would serve as a foundation for broader changes, particularly concerning budgetary reforms. The coalition aims to create an environment conducive to rapid economic expansion, thereby enhancing the overall quality of life for citizens. Japaridze expressed a desire to modernize Georgia’s education system significantly. Central to this initiative is the maximum deregulation of private educational institutions, fostering a competitive environment that encourages quality improvements. While public education will remain, incorporating free-market principles is viewed as a means to elevate educational standards without heavy-handed government intervention.
The coalition emphasizes the importance of empowering local regions, advocating for decentralized governance. Japaridze argued that decision-making should not be confined to the central government but should instead empower local leaders and communities. This approach aims to incentivize market dynamics and promote self-governance, enabling regions to take charge of their own development. As the Coalition for Changes gears up for the electoral campaign, Japaridze’s presentation outlines a vision for a more democratic, prosperous, and self-sufficient Georgia, aiming to resonate strongly with voters seeking meaningful change.
Unity – National Movement: European Integration and Social Welfare
The Unity – National Movement has outlined its priorities with a strong commitment to European integration, advocating for an EU passport and securing €14 billion in European support for national reconstruction. The program promises visa-free travel to the USA and the establishment of an independent anti-corruption service under EU supervision. Central to their economic agenda is the aim for an average salary of 3,500 GEL and a minimum salary of 1,500 GEL, along with a basic allowance of 300 GEL for rural residents and displaced persons. They also propose guaranteed retirement savings for immigrants, supported by the Mikheil Saakashvili Foundation, which intends to invest €1 billion to facilitate their return.
A significant focus of the program is the protection of pensioners. The coalition plans to write off pension loans by December 1, 2024, and promises a pension of 1,000 GEL for pensioners, disabled individuals, and veterans. Additionally, subsidies for medicines are proposed to assist this vulnerable population. To support families, the coalition’s fourth priority includes monthly financial support for newborns, quality kindergarten provisions, and free school meals for all children. They aim to establish a minimum salary of 2,000 GEL for teachers, alongside housing initiatives for outstanding educators and subsidized rent for students. The coalition also pledges to combat the drug mafia, focusing on resocialization and care for users.
Furthermore, the Unity – National Movement seeks to eliminate monopolies across various sectors and reduce bank interest rates by half. They plan to halve the costs and existing fines for state administrative services, promote Georgian production, and establish enterprises in all regions, backed by a €1 billion EU subsidy for agriculture. Through these priorities, the Unity – National Movement presents a comprehensive vision aimed at securing Georgia’s European future, enhancing economic stability, protecting vulnerable populations, and fostering family well-being, striving to resonate with voters eager for substantial change.
Girchi: A Call for Radical Reforms
The Girchi party presents a radically different approach, aiming to establish a rich and fair society through significant reforms in the economy, judicial system, and political structure. Their program includes ambitious proposals designed to empower citizens and promote equity. Girchi advocates for the equal and free distribution of state-owned property, emphasizing that 90% of Georgia’s resources are currently state-owned and largely underutilized. Their plan includes a detailed project called “Return of Land, Water and Country,” which aims to ensure that all citizens can benefit from these resources.
To combat poverty, Girchi proposes a Universal Basic Income (UBI) system that would provide every citizen with a monthly payment of around 500 GEL, aiming to eradicate extreme poverty. In response to inflation, Girchi suggests a multi-currency regime, allowing citizens to transact in multiple currencies, providing an alternative to the national currency if it devalues. They also call for the return of pension fund money to citizens, abolishing the pension contribution system which it perceives as a fraudulent scheme.
Tax reduction is another key priority for Girchi, focusing on eliminating burdensome taxes for the poor and introducing a fair tax system to foster economic growth. They propose a one-time distribution of National Bank reserves amounting to $1,200 per citizen, aimed at alleviating financial strain. The party emphasizes individual property rights, proposing that landowners should have complete ownership of their land, including the airspace above and the minerals below. This would remove existing restrictions on property use and empower citizens to manage their assets as they see fit.
On the judicial front, Girchi proposes significant reforms, including a large-scale amnesty to address injustices in the current penal system, which they believe is outdated and unfair. They advocate for electing judges and juries to ensure a more trustworthy judicial process, and for the revision of the Criminal Code to decriminalize actions without direct victims. To enhance accountability, they suggest that local police chiefs be elected by their communities, fostering a law enforcement system that is responsive to the public.
The Girchi program also emphasizes educational autonomy, calling for the abolition of the Common National Curriculum. They believe that this would allow schools to develop their own educational approaches, thus promoting diversity and better aligning education with community needs. Their defense policy emphasizes a transition to a volunteer-based military, and advocates for a stronger alignment with NATO.
For Georgia: Stability and Social Support
The For Georgia party, led by former Prime Minister Giorgi Gakharia, presents a program aimed at achieving a future marked by “real peace, dignity, and prosperity.” Gakharia’s vision emphasizes significant social welfare initiatives, proposing the establishment of a minimum salary of 950 GEL and substantial support for unemployed individuals. To improve employment prospects, the party aims to allocate 300 million GEL annually for employment support programs, with a focus on women and youth.
Gakharia’s party places a strong emphasis on education reform. Their program seeks to expand vocational training opportunities and enhance infrastructure for regional development, ensuring that all villages have access to essential services like gas, drinking water, and fast internet by 2028. They aim to introduce free meals for all schoolchildren and improve quality in early childhood education through substantial investment.
Economic stability is another critical area of focus for For Georgia. The program emphasizes controlling inflation and providing long-term, low-interest financing to entrepreneurs, thereby fostering an environment conducive to business growth. To ensure effective governance, Gakharia’s strategy includes the establishment of an independent anti-corruption agency, which is viewed as essential for restoring public trust in government institutions. This agency will be responsible for monitoring corruption and holding accountable those who exploit public resources for personal gain.
The program also highlights the need for a fair amnesty process, along with stronger measures against organized crime, as a means of promoting a secure and stable society. On foreign policy, Gakharia emphasizes the importance of addressing issues of territorial integrity and advocates for EU membership as a strategic goal that would strengthen Georgia’s position in negotiations with Russia.
Conclusion: A Diverse Political Landscape
As the elections approach, Georgia finds itself at a crossroads, with each political party offering distinct proposals and visions for the future. The stakes are high, and the decisions made at the ballot box will have lasting implications for the country’s political, economic, and social landscape. From the ambitious infrastructure plans and economic forecasts of Georgian Dream to the grassroots empowerment strategies of Girchi, each party’s program reflects a unique perspective on how to navigate the challenges ahead.
The Coalition for Changes, Unity – National Movement, and For Georgia also contribute vital ideas, focusing on European integration, social welfare, education reform, and economic stability. Voters will have a wide array of proposals to consider, each promising a different path forward for Georgia, ultimately shaping the nation’s future for years to come. As citizens prepare to cast their votes, the discourse surrounding these programs will undoubtedly play a critical role in determining the next chapter in Georgia’s ongoing journey toward prosperity and democratic governance.
By Team GT
